Half-Caste and Nothing’s Changed Essay

Following that the third and fourth build up to the short fifth and sixth three line stanza turning round the poem showing that it isn’t him that is half a person but the ones that are biased are. Both structures of the poem are quite different but both do use the structure as a climax. Both poems create different moods maybe because of the period of time. Also Nothing’s Changed is more serious. Half-Caste has both a humorous and questioning mood. ‘Ah listening to yu wid de keen half of mih ear’ makes you think that it is ridiculous and wonder they are not half a person. By saying outrageous things like that John creates a mood. In contrast Tatamkhulu isn’t humorous in ‘Nothing’s Changed’ but in a protesting manner. Half-Caste is in a Caribbean dialect which makes it a quite fast paced poem. The rhythm is relatively exhilarating. The phrase ‘Explain yuself wha yu mean’ is emphasised because of the dialect and is repeated plenty as well. John gives importance to this phrase because he is reaching out to the reader to make them understand why people judge mixed race people to be ‘half-caste’. He doesn’t believe just because they are mixed race that they are half a person and by turning it around in the last stanzas he shows how it feels to go through what he goes through. However Nothing’s Changed has nor a lively or upbeat tempo but more of a slow rhythm because then Tatamkhulu can emphasise most of the words in the poem because of the slow pace to it making the reader acknowledge every word and recognise his aim. The rhythm helps the reader value his rage in various parts of the poem such as ‘and the hot, white, inwards turning anger in my eyes’. Also the four consecutive ‘ands’ in the 2nd stanza before the phrase quoted before really give the anger its climax. Nothing’s Changed captures all the words making you reflect about every line in more depth then usual. On the contrary Half-Caste being in a Caribbean dialect is more dynamic, but in this circumstance it helps the poem. For instance ‘wid de whole of yu eye n de whole of yu ear an de whole of yu mind’ would be difficult to comprehend but reading it promptly and in a Caribbean dialect would make it comprehensible. Both poems paint pictures in your mind of images that John and Tatamkhulu create with their poetry. Nothing’s Changed give details to most of the environment in which the poet go through and come across, like when he is striding above the ‘hard stones’ and ‘amiable weeds’. As a reader you can picture Tatamkhulu looking up from the ‘grasses’ and have a image of a board saying ‘District Six’ but then disappearing like it was never there but just in his mind’s eye. In addition his hands metamorphosing from his accustomed colour to white illustrating his fury, transforming the complete atmosphere very cold. Half-Caste alternatively doesn’t produce images seen by John in real life but generating pictures of examples of features in the world that have a combination like ‘half-caste weather’ or ‘half-caste symphony’. He constructs visions of a ‘cast half-a-shadow’ of a ‘half-caste human being’. Half-Caste uses repetition for its key features, in addition to catch the reader’s attention. It is also in a Caribbean dialect. John exploits the phrase ‘Explain yuself wha yu mean’. He emphasises his point by having a none stop twenty six line stanza which clarifies all his various fusions in life which are a mixture like ‘half-caste canvas’. In contrast Nothing’s Changed uses the structure as a approach to get his key features at certain points. ‘No sign say it is but we know here we belong’ is isolated into a two line stanza. John Agard in a manner has an absolutely different way of expressing his key points. In conclusion both Half-Caste and Nothing’s Changed has very serious issues in which they write about. Both being from the party in which are being attacked. Being from different time periods makes it slightly diverse. Tatamkhulu has been influenced by his culture and background in the way that there were only non-whites and whites in that particular area. Taking that into consideration most non-whites would have despised all whites thinking all of them would be against them so the anger in his poem would explain that. Whereas John’s culture and background does have some bearing on his opinion but he in fact knows that not everyone would think of him as half a person to another human being or any other mixed race individual. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Agard: Half-Caste section.

Ursula Burns Reinvented Xerox

Reflection Paper The article â€Å"How Ursula Burns Reinvented Xerox† is extremely informative and gave me an outlook on how major businesses operate in society. It was interesting to read about a woman of color who completely gave her life into Xerox the company and made it a success. This article, made me more open minded about a lot of things that goes on into businesses I haven’t experience. One perspective, which was interesting, is how Xerox the company couldn’t do anything about their business failing but Ursula Burns made it into a success.A main viewpoint that I read about Xerox the company is how well-built the company was and they never gave up on their business. They were trying to improve their company by doing different things in order to have a successful outcome. Some new things I learned and discovered is how physically and mentally a leader has to become. This is exactly what Ursula Burns portrays in leading Xerox the company to the top. â€Å" One of the most interesting things about becoming a CEO is that the very thing you did to get there is usually not the thing you need to do to keep you there. A quote said by Ursula Burns which gave me a further understanding about becoming a leader. Leader is a person who leads or commands a group, organization or country. Being the person in charge of a major company is not an easy job to obtain. But Mrs. Burns found a way to bring her company from a depressing standpoint into a positive achievement. But first she stay and thought about what the company can do and what it does, so it can be a successful business.After reading this article there’s various things I’ve learned and modify my behavior in the future. The first and most important I’ve learned is if you believe in something or someone never give up on your dream. If you keep working towards your goal you can make it a success. However, becoming a leader is a difficult job to maintain and takes a lot o f energy out the person. But you have to stay focus on what you believe in and have to acknowledge the weakness and strength of a company.

Food Adultration Essay

The Objective of this project is to study some of the common food adulterants present in different food stuffs. Adulteration in food is normally present in its most crude form; prohibited substances are either added or partly or wholly substituted. Normally the contamination/adulteration in food is done either for financial gain or due to carelessness and lack in proper hygienic condition of processing, storing, transportation and marketing. This ultimately results that the consumer is either cheated or often become victim of diseases. Such types of adulteration are quite common in developing countries or backward countries. It is equally important for the consumer to know the common adulterants and their effect on health. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ THEORY The increasing number of food producers and the outstanding amount of import foodstuffs enables the producers to mislead and cheat consumers. To differentiate those who take advantage of legal rules from the ones who commit food adulteration are very difficult. The consciousness of consumers would be crucial. Ignorance and unfair market behavior may endanger consumer health and misleading can lead to poisoning. So we need simple screening, tests for their detection. In the past few decades, adulteration of food has become one of the serious problems. Consumption of adulterated food causes serious diseases like cancer, diarrhea, asthma, ulcers, etc. Majority of fats, oils and butter are paraffin wax, castor oil and hydrocarbons. Red chilli powder is mixed with brick powder and pepper is mixed with dried papaya seeds. These adulterants can be easily identified by simple chemical tests. Several agencies have been set up by the Government of India to remove adulterants from food stuffs. AGMARK – acronym for agricultural marketing .This organization certifies food products for their quality. Its objective is to promote the Grading and Standardization of agricultural and allied commodities.

Strategic Management Decision Making Term Paper

Strategic Management Decision Making - Term Paper Example There have been many avenues for a company to expand its business. Sometimes the reasons for expansion include moving into other industry, expanding in the same industry and expanding in foreign countries. In each of the cases, the company has the choice of setting up business on its own or else going through mergers, acquisitions or any other consolidation processes. In this case, both companies are from the same country. The acquirer company, Games Workshop, would like to expand its business to some other areas which are quite related to what they are into right now. Setting up is the costliest process to come up with. For this reason, the company has decided to go with either merger or acquisition. Valuation is quite an important fact in the whole process. The positive value of the acquired firm is very much desirable. Valuation and other financials have been discussed in a later topic. Later on, it is time to think whether the acquirer would like to go for merger or acquisition. A comparative and tactical study has been done to choose the best way among these two. While the firm and the process have been chosen to be appropriate to carry on the acquisition process, it is of much importance to zero down on the tactical funding strategy. For this economic gain has been taken into account to have an idea about the proper funding strategy which is also in accordance with the financial structure of the Games Workshop. One of the main aims to go for expansion is adding shareholders’ value, which is of quite an importance to a business entity. The calculation has been done to calculate the shareholders’ value addition for each of the companies so that shareholders can have a much better idea about the situation and the added shareholders’ value after the transformation.

Union bank of norway for MKTG 4760 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Union bank of norway for MKTG 4760 - Essay Example These gave the bank the advantage over its competitors and remain affected by the economic turmoil. The above strategy of the company also bought about a crisis. As customers were offered automated ways to use their services, they now did not have to physically come to the bank. This meant that the staffs in the various branches were not able to have direct communication with the customers. That is, the bank no more had direct access to its customer and in turn did not know what their customers wanted. This was a dangerous place to be in for any business. A business can only sustain and grow only by knowing what the customer wants and according developing the business. Hence, it was very important for the bank to find a way out of this crisis. In order to come out of this crisis the company had to consolidate the information (customer data) available to them about the customers through its automated services. But the main problem here was that the customer data was spread across many systems and it would take days to accumulate and consolidate this data. The bank concluded that the only way to overcome this was to get a have all the customer data from different systems at one place. This would give them the complete view of the customers. The bank then acquired a data warehouse with the aim of consolidating the customer data from various systems and makes it available to its employees on a single centralised platform where they could analyse it. This helped the bank in numerous ways. The bank was now able to identify who their customers were, their interests, their buying behaviour, etc. This also gave the bank the 360-degree view of the customer. The bank was now in a better position to understand what their customers wanted and designs their products and services accordingly. The data warehouse solved the problem of not understanding the customer but the communication with customer was still a problem. Hence, in order to overcome this, the bank

Intergrating Case Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intergrating Case Management - Essay Example These developments mean that the nursing staff can no longer rely on just the medical training to perform well in the field, but rather have to be trained extensively in management, sociology, Information Technology, and even basic courses of economics to understand the implications of the patients’ social and economic status, limitations, and boundaries. This is especially true of nurses that would be working across the border in foreign territories (Kim, Woith, Otten, & McElmurry, 2006); for them, a basic training in the culture, history, and traditions of that place is paramount for a successful relationship with their patients and other health officials of that country (Kim et al., 2006). As a result, it is recommended that such interdisciplinary training and courses should be incorporated in the curriculum of the nursing schools so that the students acquire these additional required skills for their profession along with the technical knowledge (Kim et al., 2006).

Managing stress among employees in an outpatient setting Research Paper

Managing stress among employees in an outpatient setting - Research Paper Example At the same time, the effectiveness of the changes being implemented need to be determined at regular intervals. It is identified that the negligence of evaluation phases causes the breakdown of implemented changes. This paper will discuss various strategies and techniques that can be effectively employed in evaluating the impacts of the introduced changes among employees in out-patient settings. There are three evaluation phases that are scientifically designed for program evaluation; formative evaluation, summative evaluation, and impact evaluation. The formative evaluation phase continuously acquires information regarding the introduced program in order to amplify the performance. According to Lytras, Carroll, Damiani, Tennyson, Avison, Vossen, and Pablos (2008), in summative evaluation phase, the outcomes of the project are assessed; and from those results, the project managers analyze the impact of the outcome on its actual beneficiaries; the shareholders (p.672). On the other h and, impact evaluation phase focuses on the larger group of beneficiaries over a long period of time. Here we can use formative evaluation and summative evaluation techniques for the determination of the effectiveness of the introduced organizational change in an out-patient setting. ... Similarly, it is suggestible for the project management team to assess the effectiveness of the change by considering its impacts on those employees who were affected by stress. It can be achieved by comparing the individuals’ level of performance prior to and after the implementation of the program. Their new ways of working behavior both as individuals and as team need to be evaluated for knowing whether the change takes a positive effect on them or not. This process of change management is termed as change curve which can be used for assessing the impacts of the implemented measures (Change management: Making organization change happen effectively, n.d.). It is important to evaluate the extent to which the measures being implemented are accepted by the workers and whether the measures are effective in helping employees to bring out their potential completely toward the work undertaken. It would be better to assess the rate of absenteeism before and after the execution of th e strategies. The record of employees’ medical leave would reflect the effectiveness of stress management measures, because stress- free life offers physical as well as mental stability. At the same time, the finest way is to judge how effectively employees involve in work and how well this is being reflected in their performance. It is better to evaluate the workers’ contribution towards the development of the organization as a whole. An efficient supervisor would assist the management to evaluate the individual performance frequently. The status of the organization also reflects the impacts of organizational change. To illustrate, it is essential to analyze the impact of the program on the economic interests of the shareholders. In addition, the progress of the organization and its stature

A comparison argument (or contrast, but not both) between a limited Research Paper - 1

A comparison argument (or contrast, but not both) between a limited aspect of the Viet Nam Conflict and our Conflict in Afghanistan(you need to chose a limited aspect that you are intrested in) - Research Paper Example Although the Afghan war is still going on and for that reason, the consequences of the war cannot be completely compared; but since the end is predicted to come about in the near future, a comparison can be drawn with respect to the destruction and losses militarily and politically. This paper, while reflecting upon the background of the Vietnamese and Afghan wars, will draw comparisons between them and cover the causes and consequences that a gory war brings about with it. Initially, the United States had little interest in Vietnam. However, as it became clear that the post-World War II world would be dominated by the US and its allies as well as the Soviet Union and its fighting partners, isolating communist movements took an increased importance in America’s eyes. These concerns were ultimately shaped into the doctrine of containment and domino theory. The move towards containment identified that the goal of communism was to spread to capitalist states and according to America, the only way to stop it was to â€Å"contain† it within its present borders. Moreover, arising from containment was the concept of domino theory, which stated that if one state in a region were to fall to communism, then the surrounding states would inevitably fall as well. These concepts forced US to get involved in the Vietnam conflict. In 1950, to combat the spread of communism, the United States began supplying the French military in Vietnam with advisors an d funding its efforts against the â€Å"red† Viet Minh (Hickman). According to an American senior journalist, with the initial objective of vanquishing al- Qaeda largely achieved, and the latest goal of luring the Taliban into a power-sharing deal out of reach, the main reason the U.S. is still at war in Afghanistan is inertia, and not for logical reasons. This is because the American military brass wants to show that its counter-insurgency theories work and â€Å"they are impressive theories developed by impressive

Political Economy of Race, Class and Gender Essay

Political Economy of Race, Class and Gender - Essay Example 14). They aim at explaining the reason behind large numbers of unemployed and underemployed blacks relative to whites and the wage gaps between blacks and whites and between genders. This paper discusses the salient differences between these two models; the neoclassical economics theory and the political economy models of the labor market. It includes a discussion on the importance of the differences in the realm of race and gender while highlighting the critiques of neoclassical presumption by political economists. In neoclassical economics, discrimination is analyzed in simplicity using the same implements used to understand market behavior. Discriminators here are either maximizing their welfare or minimizing any apparent risk (Albelda et al. 36).Under this model, discrimination in the labor market is not a long-term phenomenal. Discrimination in the labor markets takes the form of higher wages for white workers relative to black workers equipped with similar skills and carrying out similar productive jobs under similar working conditions; job segregation of blacks into lesser-paying jobs; and high unemployment rates for blacks relative to whites (Albelda et al. 60). The wide persistence of discrimination is attributed to low competition among firms and workers and incomplete information in the labor market. Employers taste leads to higher costs as it hampers competition among workers. The discriminating firms directly cover these higher costs by paying higher wages for labor power. According to neoclassical economics, this approach of discrimination is efficient in allocation of scarce resources in the labor markets by the discriminating firms (Albelda et al. 65). Neoclassical economic models assume that competition combined with employers’ diversity in tastes eradicates labor market discrimination. A competitive market will increase

Behavioural Influence of Executive Pay Plan Essay

Behavioural Influence of Executive Pay Plan - Essay Example While economists tend to place importance on money as a strong motivator, behavioural scientists tend to consider it weak. Pendleton, A. notes in his book: "achieving change in employee attitudes and behaviour has often been an important objective of those introducing employee share ownership schemes. It is thought that share-owning employees will feel greater commitment to the firm and a greater sense of identity with its aims"(154). The idea of inculcating a higher sense of ownership among employees to enhance overall company performance seems to be the underlying reason for this new plan. Whether there is a direct relationship between share ownership and greater employee motivation and commitment is debatable. It is however likely that ownership which encompasses employee participation can make the employees react in a positive manner. "Consistent with incentive theory, the evidence also shows that firms and workplaces with shared compensation practices have a higher incidence of shared decision-making/information sharing practices" (Conyan and Freeman 1). From the employee perspective, making employees stakeholders, can induce a higher sense of responsibility among them and give them a sense of greater role in decision-making. However if this expectation is not met, it could then lead to a sense of frustration and discontentment. The other reason for employee discontent could be related to share value. If it falls for reasons that employees perceive as beyond their control it could work as a demotivator and impact employee morale. Aptly pointed out by Cooper and Rousseau: As the destiny of employees becomes more tightly integrated through ownership via financial participation, issues of work/life separation (shared futures with the fortunes of the organization) and the very meaning of work will be raised. What will be the consequence for employees in terms of role confusion, wellbeing and stress levels, work values, commitment, cooperative versus competitive behaviours The confusion in identities also comes hand-in-hand with an increasing diversity of psychological contracts at work-or certainly the attitudinal stances within these contracts towards HRM policies aimed at a performance culture, and shared risk policies and practices (Sparrow 2000a). Not all employees seek increased financial participation or involvement in their organization. The assumptions of generic improvements in motivation, commitment, and engagement with the commercial process that seem to underlie much of the popular discussion of employee ownership are by no means proven. Inde ed, there are more grounds to expect wide individual differences in the in the attractiveness of such a concept, and the relevant outcomes noted above ( 52). The new reward system is bound to influence employee perceptions and impact behavioural factors which will influence motivation, performance and morale. This is discussed below. Commitment and Recognition versus Individual Goals Mitchie, Oughton and Bennion note that "the positive effect that involvement and participation policies have on motivation and commitment may be enhanced and made more effective and

Influence of HK movies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Influence of HK movies - Essay Example Therefore, it should be claimed that Hong Kong movie genres has combined centennial values of Chinese nation and transferred them to the contemporaries in an â€Å"easy-going† and comprehensible manner. Key words: kung fu movie, gangster movie, comedy/action comedy movie. Introduction Hong Kong cinematograph is often compared and contrasted to Hollywood cinematograph. Still, there is a need to claim that the importance of movies produced in Hong Kong is in their uniqueness. Such genres as kung fu movie, gangster movie and action comedy and comedy movie are discussed in the paper further on. The most important integrative components of Hong Kong movies are: following Chinese traditions, interpreting centennial arts of combat to the contemporaries and inspiring them with patriotism, brevity and a power of a spirit and providing modern Eastern and Western families with a perfect opportunity to spend their evening while watching movies of Hong Kong cinematograph. This is a zestful cocktail of Hong Kong cinematograph. Moreover, it should be noted that every genre has contributed a lot to the Eastern and Western audiences. ... The main idea relevant to contemporary researchers should be focused on the central importance of Chinese philosophy, spiritual heritage of the Eastern world and the way these issues are interpreted in the modern Hong Kong cinematograph. Hong Kong Action Comedy Movie Hong Kong action comedy movies are, supposedly, the most important products of Hong Kong cinematograph. There are three basic components in these films that are so much attracting to the audience. Firstly, these films comply with Chinese traditions; secondly, these films follow the best traditions of Hollywood action films and thirdly, these films border with transculutral imagination of the audience about â€Å"good† cinematograph. There is much deeper sense beyond action comedy genre than the audience can think. There is much more philosophical background beyond the play of handsome Ekin Cheng and Nicholas Tse. Whether digital effects are used or not, a good spirit of humor and positivism is present in action co medy movie of Hong Kong in any case (Yau, 2001). It is especially important to discuss the important role these films play for Hong Kong people and Westerners nowadays. This can be explained by overall tendencies of globalization. Different national and cultural borders are being blurred and there is a need to create such kind of a cultural product that would be appealing for representative of any nation (Ma, 1999). There were different stages in the development of comedy movie in Hong Kong. At first, politicians criticized spiritual load of the films; in 70s death of Bruce Lee (Baker, 2008) set different accents in this type of films. 80s was a period of Jackie Chan upheaval and the genre of

The Role of Slavery in Roman Comedy Essay Example for Free

The Role of Slavery in Roman Comedy Essay A Greek comedic playwright named Menander wrote a play with the same title. Since Menander’s version is lost, historians aren’t sure how original Terence’s version is. We can suspect that at least some of Terence’s version is merely a translation or a very slightly edited form of Menander’s. One of the most recurring themes in Greek and Roman Theater is that of the master and the slave. Almost every play by Plautus contained â€Å"the cunning slave† who outwitted or ridiculed his master’s action. George Duckworth described this relationship saying, â€Å"It is hardly possible that in real life ancient slaves had as much freedom as the slaves of Roman comedy, nor could they have been as outspoken and as impudent,† (Duckworth 288). Themes such as this sought to diminish the harsh reality of slavery and racism through comedy. Because Plutarch and Terence depicted slaves more as free men than as prisoners, their comedies fought the traditional ideas of slavery and discrimination. Before discussing slavery in Roman plays, it is important to know the customs of the Roman Theater. All Roman citizens attended the theater for free, because either the city funded the play, or a wealthy, individual citizen paid for the production. These individuals might be running for an upcoming election, so they provided entertainment to the Roman people to gain favor with them. The better the play, the better their reputation would be. In general, the Romans of the time, combat and bloodshed were of the utmost desires for entertainment. The more realistic and gruesome the event, the more they enjoyed themselves. At the time, women were not allowed to have roles in the theater, and in the beginning stages of Roman Theater, women could not even attend the productions. Young boys played the female roles instead. But most interestingly, slaves usually made up the entire cast of a Roman production. There are twenty surviving plays written by Plautus. The first instance of a slave acting out of character is in the play Captivi. In this play, Philopolemus, an Aetolian is captured and sold into slavery under an Elean doctor. His father, Hegio proceeds to buy many Elean slaves to trade for his son. He ends up buying a well-known Elean named Philocrates, who is accompanied by his own slave, Tyndarus. Hegio plans to send the master back to Elis to facilitate the trade. But Tyndarus and Philocrates switched identities, which would have caused the deal to fall through. Hegio is infuriated, and orders Tyndarus to the quarries. David Konstan explains the theme of this play as, â€Å"the conflict between a stern, conventional father and a son driven to defiance by the irresistible force of erotic passion. A common figure in these plays is the household slave, who risks the displeasure of his senior master†¦in order to advance the amatory interests of the junior,† (Konstan 59). Instead of the general storyline, Philocrates is the senior master because he is the original owner of Tyndarus. Hegio is the junior master because he has only recently obtained Tyndarus. Hegio still holds all power over Tyndarus, though, and this act of defiance would normally be punished with death for the perpetrator. Instead, Hegio is convinced by Tyndarus that his actions were purely out of loyalty, and not to offend Hegio. Hegio respects this and decides to let him live. Another famous play by Plautus that contains the role of the cunning slave who is not punished justly is Rudens. Gripus, the slave of a poor man that lives on the coast comes across a treasure chest while fishing, and dreams of what he will do with his spoils, explaining that he will buy his freedom and become a tyrant with his immense wealth. Another slave, Trachalio comes along, though, and claims that if Gripus doesn’t split the treasure with him, then he will report Gripus to the original owner of the treasure. Gripus argues that the treasure is his because the sea belongs to no one, and consequently that which is recovered from the sea belongs to the finder. Trachalio suggests they settle the argument by talking to Gripus’ owner Daemones. Daemones sides with Trachalio, who wanted the treasure not for himself, but for the original owner, Palaestra. Daemones then chides Gripus for his selfishness, â€Å"Daemones angrily sends him into the house and complains about the poor quality of slaves; luckily, he reflects, Gripus didn’t meet another like himself, or both would have been implicated in the crime,† (Konstan 84). Trachalio is the cunning slave in this example, and he, like Tyndarus, is not motivated by selfish reasons, but by doing what is right. This is the reason why the cunning slave is celebrated in Roman Theater. Duckworth describes the attitude of this slave as, â€Å"the freedom and insolence of the comic slaves, their immunity from serious punishment, their happy-go-luck existence†¦combine to paint a picture of slave life that bears little relation to reality,† (Duckworth 290). In his essay entitle Comic Shackles, Ulrike Roth elaborates on this point saying, â€Å"But Geta’s concern is not evidence for the employment of chained labour on the land. Both Plautus and Terence, then, do not employ the image of the chained slave for work on the land of Roman slave owners,† (Roth). The slaves don’t actually suffer any torture throughout the course of the productions. In reality, the Roman master surely would have punished his slave for even the most minor mistakes, just to keep his reputation as a man in power. Duckworth says that, â€Å"however much the slaves of comedy refer to whips and chains, to the mill and the quarry and the cross, they seldom experience them in the plays. The frequent use by slaves of epithets like mastigia, furcifer, uerbero, verbereum caput, as terms of banter or abuse does not mean that the slaves are necessarily referring to punishments which they or their fellow-slaves have themselves undergone,† (Duckworth 290). Plautus and Terence do not want to show the truth about slavery of the time in their productions. This may be so that they didn’t insult anyone by generalizing what â€Å"most† Romans did. If a play was poorly received, then the citizen who invested in the production would likely destroy the name of the playwright. Duckworth explains that, â€Å"when the intrigue is directed against a pompous soldier or a rascally leno, the slave’s machinations have the approval of the other characters and the sympathy of the spectators. Such trickery is successful and there is no question of punishment,† (Duckworth 288). When the audience is on the side of the trickster, there is no need for punishment in the eyes of the audience. This technique is essential in Roman theater. It makes the slave, a degenerate type in the eyes of most Romans, the hero of the play; an integral part in the outcome of the story. Just like in Miles Gloriosus. Plautus writes about the character of Palaestrio as another example of this motif. He plots and schemes against his new master Pyrgopolynices in order to return the kidnapped Philocomasium to his former master, Pleusicles. Pleusicles hides with an old man next door after receiving a letter from Palaestrio about their location. Palaestrio crafts an opening in the wall so that the girl can visit her true love behind the soldier’s back. The plan almost fails when another slave sees the girl with another man, but through his craftiness Palaestrio manages to convince him it was the girl’s visiting twin sister. He then enlists the help of a courtesan to stand in for the neighbour’s wife and seduces the soldier so he will set the girl free. The ruse is successful, and Palaestrio escapes with his old master and the girl. The freedom that Palaestrio has in this play is something to be desired by all slaves. The fact that he could find paper to write a letter to his master in secret and that he could even write at all is hard to imagine of a slave during this time period. But his defiance of the unjust soldier Pyrgopolynices is admired by the audience because he is one of the main characters. This depiction of the life of a slave is not one of reality, but it does make for good entertainment. The pardoning of slaves and the cunning slave are two important motifs in Roman theater. Duckworth states, â€Å"Angry threats†¦are not to be taken seriously. They are more useful in portraying the comic aspects of a young man’s impatience or an old man’s wrath than in throwing light upon the relation of master and slave in antiquity,† (Duckworth 289). The slave is usually meant to be a beloved character that either encourages the main character to do what is right or is the main character himself.

Residual welfare model in Hong Kong

Residual welfare model in Hong Kong Residual view of social welfare Social welfare is a significant issue in a society. The social issues let us know which welfare should provide and to what extent the welfare can be provided. In fact, the ways to provide social welfare may vary between different societies. The social welfare system in Hong Kong is adopting the residual welfare model. Hong Kong has followed the big market, small government ideology for many years. It is based on the idea of the residual welfare model that there is no need for the government to engage in the distribution process of social welfare. This is because people can resolve the problems themselves. The needy can find support through the market mechanism, family or the nonprofit organizations. The government will only provide support to people when the needy really can’t solve the problems themselves. Therefore, according to the big market, small government principle, the government holds the belief that people have the ability to get rid of the difficulties. The government is the last and temporary resort of the needy. The government can provide the immediate support to the needy. However, in the long term, the needy have to find ways to help themselves. Due to the residual welfare model, the policies in Hong Kong are not universal. The social assistances in Hong Kong usually have the means test because the government just will help people who are under a very poor financial or living condition. I will use the education and housing aspects in order to show that the policies in Hong Kong demonstrate the ideology of residual welfare model. For education, the government provides funding in the form of loans and grants for students who live in the low income family. The students might get full grants of their tuition fee but they should undergo the means test first. Besides, in order to protect people’s basic living need, the government launches the public housing scheme. The government provides affordable housing for low-income residents. If people want to apply for the public house, they should pass the means test in the public housing scheme. From the policies of education and public housing, we can know that Hong Kong is under the residual welfare model because every policies are not universal and they will set some requirements for people to attain which this is match the beliefs of residual welfare model. Thus, the laissez-faire style and ‘positive non- interv entionism’ are regarded as two main features of Hong Kong’s policy. Despite the education and housing policies, the retirement protection system also demonstrate the ideas of residual welfare model. The aging population problem is becoming more serious in Hong Kong. The aging population of aged 65 and above is getting increasing from 12% to 17% in 2002 to 2012 (Census and Statistics Department, 2013). Hong Kong is experiencing the aging problems over the past decade. In my following part, I will focus on the retirement protection policy within the elderly welfare system. Three-pillar retirement protection approach In order to deal with the aging problems, the World Bank implements the multi-pillar-model. There will be three pillar approaches toward the retirement protection system when the World Bank first times to launch the scheme. The Pillar I is a public retributive and defined-benefit system. It is so called the ‘pay as you go’ approach. Besides, the Pillar II is a private, funded and defined contribution system. Also, the Pillar III is a private, voluntary and supplementary defined contribution system (Roller, 2012). The two more pillars were added in the models later which are the Zero Pillar and Pillar IV. The Zero pillar aims to protect people’s basic need. It holds the belief that everything should undergo the process of means test. It is also related to the Pillar I because both of them are wishing to alleviate poverty. Both of them believe that all citizens should engage in the welfare process (Castells, 2010). Moreover, Pillar IV is talking about some support f rom family which might not be related to the money (Chou, 2009). Even though the model of the World Bank has five pillars nowadays, Hong Kong is still adopting a three-pillar approach toward the retirement protection policy. First, the Zero pillar exists in Hong Kong which aims to provide the basic need to the elderly. In Hong Kong, when the elderly meet the age requirement, they can receive the CSSA and Old Age Allowance (OAA). The CSSA and OAA can act as spare money for the elderly to fulfill their daily living. Second, Hong Kong has the Pillar II which the example is the MPF. If you get a job, there is no doubt that every employee has to engage in the MPF. Third, Hong Kong has the Pillar III which is related to the voluntary private savings(à ©Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ·Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¼Ã… ½Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ³Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ¼Ã…’2011). In order to have a better living as a retired person, they might use their own savings to support their daily life. For the retirement protection policy, we can know that the government is obeying the rule of ‘big market, small government ’. It means that the government and the other institutions also have the responsibility toward the retirement protection policy. The Means tests are the primary method for determining eligibility when applying the CSSA and Old Age Allowance. Selective cash assistances are reserved for people defined within the context of the policy as in need. Means testing is used to identify people with limited resources. This selective process determines the eligibility for welfare benefits or services so it shows the ideas of residual welfare model. The government uses the three pillars approach in order to provide the basic need to the elderly. However, it is not problem free with the three pillars approach. Hong Kong Council of Social Service finished a statistic about aging population last year. There are a third of people aged 65 and over are living under poverty (à ©Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ·Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¼Ã… ½Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ³Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ¼Ã…’2011). They are regarded as very poor people among the world. Thus, people argue that if the CSSA and Old Age Allowance which the elderly rely on can really provide the basic necessities for them. Besides, people also argue that the MPF covers only working people. Housewives and others who are not employed are not covered by the MPF. There is little difficulty in understanding that people will feel doubt that how the retirement protection of the housewives is. Obviously, the existing retirement protection policy is trying to tackle the financial problems of the elderly. When the elderly really need help, the government can provide them with the basic need. The report from the Census and Statistics Department shows that the aging population will be increasing quickly in the coming years. The elderly aged 65 and above will increase from the 1.0 million last year to 2.6 million in 2041. This statistic suggests that by 2041, around one in three persons will be elders (Census and Statistics Department, 2013). Thus, due to the limitations in the retirement protection policy I mentioned, there is no doubt that the government should make improvement toward the retirement protection policy. Experiences from Taiwan Taiwan is the same as Hong Kong that it also has the aging population and with the similar geographic background as Hong Kong. As the retirement protection policy in Taiwan is quite well developed, it can be Hong Kong’s reference when improving the retirement protection policy. Taiwan follows the five-pillar approaches when dealing with the elderly policy. I will focus on talking about the National Pension Program in Taiwan because the other retirement protection policies in Taiwan are nearly the same as other countries. The National Pension Program aims to provide the elderly with the basic needs in their daily living. For the elders who want to apply for the National Pension Program, they ought to undergo the process of means test and there is a residency requirement that they have to pass. In order to maintain the sustainability of the National Pension Program, the government should not pay the money to the elders in one time. They should pay the money step by step, such as monthly (Roller, 2012). Urge for a universal retirement protection scheme Hong Kong and Taiwan have the similarities in the reform process. However, their pension reform is very different. Taiwan implements the National Pension Program successfully whereas Hong Kong just focuses on the CSSA and Old Age Allowance. With reference in Taiwan, some people suggest that Hong Kong ought to expand its retirement protection policy which is to introduce a retirement protection scheme which is for all citizens. This scheme is later explained by Professor Nelson Chow Wing-sun. He proposed to set up a universal retirement protection scheme in Hong Kong. In the scheme, HK$3,000 monthly pension will be given to people aged 65 and above (à ¥Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¨Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ °Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ¦- °Ã‚ ¼Ã…’2013  ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. In order to maintain the stability of the scheme, the employers and employees need to contribute and the government would be responsible for some of the fund. This new scheme eliminates means tests and other administrative procedures because age criteria are the only eligibility to decide if you can get the pension or not. I think that the retirement protection scheme proposed by Professor Nelson Chow has the same meaning as the National Pension Program in Taiwan because both of them focus on the people who are not in the labor market. They all want to protect these people from being poor. For the existing three pillar approach, I feel doubt of their effectiveness in meeting the needs of the elderly. With the low rates of return, the MPF can’t support people’s daily living. Thus, if the elder just rely on the MPF system, it is not rational for them. Due to the shortcoming of the three pillar approach, I have a quest for a universal retirement protection scheme as what Professor Nelson Chow proposed. However, based on Professor Chow’s proposal on universal retirement protection scheme, I think there should add the means test into the scheme. The aim of the universal retirement protection scheme is to alleviate elderly poverty. Thus, the poor people serve first. We should target on t hose with a genuine need and some form of means testing is necessary. There is no doubt that the elderly deserve a decent and better retirement. If we have the means-tested in the universal retirement protection scheme, some people can’t receive the public pension due to their income level. Thus, people might argue that it is not a retirement protection for all citizens so it is unfair. However, if there is no means test and everyone aged 65 or above can receive the pension, it might damage the economic development of Hong Kong and increase burden on employers. Moreover, any retirement protection scheme without means test is regarding as ‘welfarism’. This might cause the financially infeasible for the government to shoulder the burden of a universal retirement protection scheme over time. Therefore, in order to make a good use of the universal retirement protection scheme, I suggest that there should include a means test in Professor Nelson Chow’s proposal which is the same as the Taiwan’s National Pension Program. There is not a new thing when talking about the aging problem. Hong Kong and Taiwan have many similar characteristics toward the elderly policy. However, Taiwan developed its retirement protection policies at a faster pace. Thus, Hong Kong should learn from the Taiwan’s National Pension Program that to implement the means test in the universal retirement protection scheme. The advantage of the scheme is that it provides the protection to the non-employees. For the existing retirement policy, such as the MPF system, it excludes the protection of the housewives. Thu, a universal retirement protection scheme can complement this problem. Besides, for some people, they argue that the financial pressure will be mounted on working people under the universal retirement protection scheme because they have to bear the cost of the scheme. Thus, in order to make a good use of the fund, the universal retirement protection scheme should include the means test. Moreover, the means test can act as a resource distribution. This is because the needy elders can be found and they can get help from the government. Improvement of the three pillar approach Many people hold the belief that it is a huge concern for the population development that one in three people will be aged 65 years old and above in the coming years. This phenomenon threatens the economic growth because there will be more people but less that are working. Thus, fewer people will contribute to the economy. If we have more elderly people in Hong Kong, it is a must to review the retirement protection policy. For our future planning of retirement protection system, Professor Nelson Chow’s universal retirement protection scheme can be one of the measures. We can’t find a model answer to tell us how to set up a good retirement protection policy due to the diversity of different countries. Despite Professor Nelson Chow’s proposal, there is essential for the government to make changes on the three approach model toward the retirement protection policy. For the Zero pillar, CSSA and OAA act as a safety net for the needy elderly. However, there might have some problems toward the CSSA. When applying the CSSA, the elderly’s family members, such as her son or daughter, have to sign the declaration that they won’t provide financial support for the elderly. Thus, if the elderly is in bad relationship with her family members, here son or daughter might not able to sign the declaration for her. Thus, the elder can’t get the CSSA. Also, the money in the CSSA might not be able to provide basic needs for elderly because of the inflation. Due to the inflation, we have to pay more money when buying things. In order to help the elderly during inflation, the government should adjust the money in CSSA more frequently. In addition, we should improve the MPF system in the Pillar II. The employees should feel free to choose their MPF program due to the different sets of requirements. There should be no barriers for employees when choosing the MPF program. Furthermore, the government ought to offer incentives to encourage voluntary savings in Pillar III. The pillar III is related to the voluntary contributions to the MPF system. In order to encourage personal savings, the government needs to provide the tax incentives for people. For the three pillars approach, the government needs to assess the financial sustainability regularly. As suggestion before, the existing three pillars policies should be reinforced and enhanced. Future planning of the retirement protection policy Everyone agree that the universal retirement protection scheme is not implemented in Hong Kong for the elderly at this moment. The government only focuses on the Zero pillar. The government set some rules for the elderly to meet. If they can pass the requirements set by the government, they can get assistance. When planning the future policy for retired people, the scheme proposed by Professor Chow could be the way out. We should consider the concept of ‘responsibility’ when planning the future retirement protection policy. Hong Kong is under the residual welfare model that people solve the problems through the family and market. The government is the last way to help people. Thus, for the retirement protection policy, it is related to the concept of ‘who is responsible?’. Some people think that the old age living protection should be the responsibility of individuals and their family and not be laid on others nor should it be wholly financed by the governme nt. Thus, the role played by the government in retirement protection policy can be different from various parties. In the perspective of limited financial resources, the government should only provide for the financially needy elderlies and not for all senior citizens. On the contrary, with the level of Hong Kong’s economic development and the huge financial reserve, some people proposed that the government have the capacity and means to provide for basic livelihood protection for all senior citizens. The perception toward retirement protection policy will influence the role of the government. If people link the retirement protection policy with the income, it causes heavy burden on public finance and may have influence on the economy. On the other hand, people who universal retirement protection scheme points to a kind of benefit for all senior citizens, unrelated to their past work history or salary. They hoped for the setting up of some kind of universal livelihood protection grant. There is obvious that Hong Kong uses the three approaches toward the retirement protection policy. Many elderly received the cash assistances from the government. They still live under poverty. This might people argue that if the CSSA or other cash transfer programs are viable or not. Nowadays, people have a higher expectation on the welfare support. They have the quests for universal retirement protection scheme. The scheme supposed to provide better protection for retired people. However, how the scheme should be implemented is still under a negotiation process. There are many things we have to decide when implementing the scheme, such as to undergo the means test or not. The universal retirement protection in Taiwan implement in a very successful way. Even some people claim that Hong Kong is better developed than Taiwan, we still should learn from Taiwan’s experience and decide how to initiate a universal retirement protection scheme. We should launch the scheme according to the specific features of Hong Kong. In fact, some people claim that the political environment affect the implement of the retirement protection scheme. This is related to people‘s conservativeness toward a policy. Thus, we should be aware of the political issues when designing the retirement protection policy. The retirement protection policy is a very complicated subject which affects all HongKonger and has far-reaching impact on the fiscal sustainability in Hong Kong. In order to find a suitable way of the development toward retirement protection policy, people should clarify the concept which is related to ‘responsibility’. References à ©Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ·Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¼Ã… ½Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ³Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ºÃƒ ¤Ã‚ »Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¼Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…’à ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ °Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ©Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¤Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ Ãƒ ©Ã… ¡Ã…“à ¥Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ¶Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¦Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ Ã‚ ¯Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ¡Ã…’ ¼Ã… ¸ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ ¥Ã‚  Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ²Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¶Ã¢â‚¬Å"à ¦- °Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ Ã… ¾Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‚ ¼Ã…’2011 à ¥Ã‚ ¹Ã‚ ´4 à ¦Ã…“ˆ4 à ¦- ¥. à ¥Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¨Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ °Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ¦- °:à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ ¦Ã…“Æ’Ã ¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ §Ã‚ ­-à §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ µÃƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã…’à ¥Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ¶Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¦Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ 2013  ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ Ã‚ ¯Ãƒ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ±Ã¢â€š ¬ Castells, M. (2010), The Shek Kip Mei Syndrome: EconomicDevelopment and Public Housing Development in Hong Kong and Singapore, UK. Pion Ltd. Census and Statistics Department (2013), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Chou, L.K. (2009). â€Å"Retirement Income Protection in Hong Kong†. Ageing in East Asia Challenges and Policies for the Twenty-first century (pp. 105-137). London: Routledge. Roller, E. (2012). The welfare state: the equality dimension. The scope of government, New York: Oxford University Press. 1

Herpes Essay -- essays research papers

Herpes Herpes is one of the common of more than 30 different sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s) in America today. Herpes is an infection that is caused by one of two closely related viruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Both of which are very easily caught, have similar symptoms, and can occur on different parts of the body. Even though it is most common to see the virus HSV-1 appear as oral herpes and to see the virus HSV-2 appear as genital herpes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most often herpes is a relatively harmless disease that is rarely life threatening. The most common form of herpes is oral herpes and usually shows up on the lips or inside of the mouth as â€Å"cold sores† or â€Å"fever blisters†. Cold sores are common in young children who acquire them from being exposed to active cold sores of adults and other children. This form of herpes is annoying but harmless in both children and adult, but is however very harmful to a newborn. It can sometimes be difficult to distinguish whether or not someone has been exposed to the other form of herpes, genital herpes. This is because there are very often no symptoms that go along with the virus. This is not always the case though and when symptoms do occur they are often seen as a cluster of blister sores, usually on the vagina, vulva, cervix, penis, or anus. For genital herpes, symptoms may last several weeks, go away but only to return again weeks, months, or even year s later. Symptoms may a...

Assistive Technology Essay -- A Level Essays

Assistive Technology Abstract: Assistive technology is one way that individuals with learning disabilities have been able to overcome the difficulties with comprehension that they possess. This form of technology comes in many forms, ranging from low to high technology devices. These devices, some as simple as a highlighter, help to organize and keep on track the individual with a learning disability. Assistive technology has many benefits to a student and helps individuals to compensate in their studies to be able to achieve all that they can in their school career. Assistive technology is often used by individuals with a learning disability. A learning disability â€Å"describes a neurobiological disorder in which a person’s brain works or is structured differently† (Lee1). A person’s abilities can be severely affected from a learning disability. They may listen differently, talk differently, write, spell, organize, and work with school subjects in a different way. Learning disabilities also affect people’s individual and personal lives to a great extent. According to the National Institutes of Health, one in seven children has a learning disability. The disability manifests itself when the child shows difficulty in reading, writing, spelling, and conversing with others. The added time they need to process information may make them seem less intelligent then others around them, but this is not the case. Individuals with learning disabilities are just as smart as anyone else; they just need to learn in a different way . The earlier a learning disability is noticed and detected, the earlier a child may be able to learn how to deal with or compensate for it (Lee 1). This is where assistive technology comes into play. Assistive... ...g database. Pisano, Leonard. (2004). How to Support Students with Learning Disabilities. Learning Disabilities Online. 1-8. Retrieved November 2, 2004, from the LD Online database. Warger, C. (2002). Helping students with disabilities participate in standards- based mathematics curriculum. ERIC Clearinghouse on Disabilities and Gifted Education, Council for Exceptional Children. 1-5. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from ERIC Digests full-text database. Warger, C. (2002). Helping students with disabilities succeed in state and district writing assignments. ERIC Clearinghouse on Disabilities and Gifted Education, Council for Exceptional Children. 1-5. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from ERIC Digests full-text database. (2003). Assistive technology guide. Schwab Learning. (3), 5-31. Retrieved September 27, 2004 from The Charles and Helen Schwab Foundation database.

The Poem Negro by Langston Hughes Essay -- Poetry Analysis

The poem â€Å"Negro† was written by Langston Hughes in 1958 where it was a time of African American development and the birth of the Civil Rights Movement. Langston Hughes, as a first person narrator tells a story of what he has been through as a Negro, and the life he is proud to have had. He expresses his emotional experiences and makes the reader think about what exactly it was like to live his life during this time. By using specific words, this allows the reader to envision the different situations he has been put through. Starting off the poem with the statement â€Å"I am a Negro:† lets people know who he is, Hughes continues by saying, â€Å" Black as the night is black, /Black like the depths of my Africa.† He identifies Africa as being his and is proud to be as dark as night, and as black as the depths of the heart of his country. Being proud of him self, heritage and culture is clearly shown in this first stanza. The structure of this poem is not the traditional form of poetry, in that he begins with a first person statement then after an indentation, he elaborates on it almost lik...

Economic Policies Of The Presidential Candidates Essay

The presidential election is coming just in the time when America is in desperate need to get out of many crises. Some of the apparent crises are the health reform crisis, the credit crisis and the political crisis generated by the war. Considering this background environmental condition, the coming election might be one of the most important events in the history of America and one that will decide the future of the country. In this paper however, I will focus on discussing the economic policies proposed by both presidential candidates. The discussion will focus on evaluating each of the candidates’ economic agenda and how they will affect the US economy in terms of growth (the supply side) and stability (the demand side). II. Thesis Statement Based on the news rails and publications regarding the economic agenda of the two candidates we can assess to a certain extent, the direction of each candidate. From my analysis, each of them has different approach on how to address the challenges faced by the nation. In the end of this paper I will provide a conclusion stating the different overall positions of both candidates and what benefits could come from each economic agenda. First however, I would make a thesis statement based on a quick glance over the available information in order to direct the course of this discussion. The thesis statement is: â€Å"Obama has an economic action plan that is aimed to affect the US economy in the form of improved living conditions for the middle class American workers in all aspects and thus generate economic stability, while McCain has an economic action plan that is aimed to affect US economy in the form of enhanced America’s competitiveness in businesses and thus create stronger macroeconomic growthâ€Å" III. Candidates on Economic Growth (the Supply Side) There are several perspectives of measuring the quality of a economic policy. In this paper, I am using two basic measurements of economic performance, which is economic growth and economic stability. Economic growth represents development of the supply side within the economy, which is represented by factors like productivity growth, capital accumulation and the supply of labor. Economic stability on the other hand, represents development of the demand side of the economy, which is represented by factors like inflation, demand for goods ands services, employment and price levels. Despite their nature of sometimes being a trade-off to each other, both are important economic indicators to ensure a prosper society. The lack of attention to any of those factors mentioned above will generate concerns and even protest from unsatisfied citizens of America. Thus, this paper is dedicated to evaluate the presidential candidates’ economic policies proposal within each and ever factors mentioned above. III. 1. John McCain on Economic Growth III. 1. 1 John McCain’s Agenda John McCain has confessed previously in one of his interviews that economy is not really his strong point. However, due to the presence of numerous professors as his economic advisors, it is not objective to judge the candidate from this statement alone. After a period of unclear statements regarding his economic agenda, John McCain has finally stepped-up confidently with a clear-cut economic agenda. His website reveals several sections consisting of actions under a title of ‘McCain Tax Cut Plan’. In the ‘Pro-growth Tax Policy’ section, McCain proposed the following actions: 1. Keep Tax Rates Low Under this action John McCain intends to fight the Democrats on their tax hike agenda and in the exact opposite of that plan, John McCain believes that there should be a reduction of taxes for the entrepreneurs of America. John McCain believes that small, medium and successful entrepreneurs are at the hearth of American innovation and therefore, should be protected by sound government policies. 2. Make It Harder to raise Taxes To support his commitment to maintain a low tax level, John McCain will strive to change the current legislation and suggested a new one, regulating that tax increases require at least 3/5 majority vote in Congress. 3. Cut Corporate Taxes Especially for corporations, John McCain suggested that a further tax reduction is important for US competitiveness. He believes that America was once a low-tax business environment, but later failed to keep pace as trade partners lower their rates. Thus, a tax deduction is appropriate to restore US competitiveness. 4. Rewards Savings, Investments and Risk-Taking John McCain believes that the reduction of tax will enable saving and further investment on innovation. Thus, it is imperative to maintain low taxes. 5. Allow First Year expensing of Equipment and Technology investment In order to boost investment in research and development, the government should allow corporations to expense their capital expenditures used for developing cutting edge technologies (‘John McCain’, 2008). III. 1. 2. Perceived Effects of the Agenda As elaborated, McCain’s economic agenda focused on his tax-cut plans. There are pros and cons regarding this action plan, especially regarding whether this tax cut plans will actually support economic growth. In theory, McCain’s agenda is in line with the general understanding on macro economic tendencies. Macroeconomic theories revealed that when taxes are low and entrepreneurship & innovation are supported by various legislations, there will be increased investment on business that will finally enhance the level of productivity of related businesses. This means that ‘in theory’, McCain has met the first criteria of economic growth, which is increased productivity. By lowering taxes on huge corporations, McCain will also allow these companies to enhance their capital accumulation process and generate business expansion faster than it would be otherwise. This means that ‘in theory’, McCain would have also met the ‘capital accumulation’ criteria. In terms of labor supply, McCain’s campaign website does not mention any effort of increasing the supply of labor for American industries. In his speeches and interviews on the other hand, the candidate has mentioned that his economic agenda will also include training programs for to increase the skills and capabilities of US labors and thus, enhanced their wages also. If these government training programs are truly a part of McCain’s action plan, than it the candidate had also ‘theoretically’ fulfilled the third factors, which is labor supply. Concerns however, are stated by economic observers. These observers stated that in the past 4 years, we have performed this strategy of providing entrepreneurs and corporations with supporting strategies, but the fact is, during the entire Bush’s administration, the amount of new jobs created is less than a year within the Clinton’s administration. Observers and writers also perceived that the corporate tax cut will enrich the already rich and done little for the middle class. This is quite in contrast to the current concerns throughout the United States toward increasing the quality of life for the middle class and the working class. Some perceived that this is only a clever strategy to get the support of powerful entrepreneurs in McCain’s campaign. Therefore, McCain’s idea of continuing this program (further protecting and supporting large corporations) does not impress most economic scholars and economic observers, but gain interest of the business sectors. Another concern is that McCain’s plan to increase labor supply is considered weak. This is due to the fact that American corporations are outsourcing their production activities overseas, due to the cheaper cost structure in foreign countries. Thus, supporting the large corporations with huge tax cuts will not guarantee that American labor will gain advantage over the growth generated by those tax cuts. Furthermore, with trainings that enhance American labor’s wage-rates, it will be less likely for American companies to use American labor in their production. These policies might have the potential of generating increased growth rates and innovation as promised, but even with the tax returns for workers families, the middle class will only gain a small portion, compare to the benefits gained by rich entrepreneurs.

Struggles Overcome Essay

Dan is forty-two years old, but feels as if he has aged thirty years in the past three months. He is always so tired that he must take several naps just to get through the day, and he knows that something must be wrong. Finally, Dan’s doctor says Dan is nearing stage 5 kidney disease and Dan needs to start thinking about a transplant or dialysis treatment options soon. This leaves thousands of people with kidney disease to wonder what lies ahead. Thankfully, two local organizations strive each day to better the lives of dialysis recipients. The Patient Ambassadors Organization is a non-profit organization dedicated to improving dialysis patients’ quality of life by developing awareness of dialysis issues. The Onalaska Dialysis Clinic offers patients a wide variety of compassionate treatment options to meet their dialysis needs. Both the Patient Ambassadors Organization and the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic make a substantial difference in the lives of those in need. The Patient Ambassador Organization is a heartwarming organization that helps thousands of dialysis patients worldwide. The Patient Ambassador Organization (PAO) provides dialysis patients with the education to be their own advocates. Having the right information on how to treat, and live with kidney failure is crucial for survival. The PAO provides videos and publishes free books on coping with dialysis. This education allows dialysis patients to gain control of their lives once again. Along with educating the dialysis patients, the staff at the PAO also helps patients become eligible for a transplant. Many patients are unaware of the very important steps to go through when it comes to receiving a kidney. The PAO helps patients gain access to meet face to face with a transplant coordinator. Not everyone will receive kidney transplant, but many lives are saved each day from organ donation. Clearly, the PAO has helped patients to face kidney failure with gainful education and the confidence to overcome kidney failure. Along with the PAO, the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic provides resources for individuals battling kidney failure. The clinic offers compassionate care and transportation options. Being able to rely on a trustworthy team is very significant to someone who may be facing a life or death situation. With that concept in mind, the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic always has a staff member available to make patients feel at ease. Whether it’s getting an extra blanket and pillow or just telling a joke to lighten the mood, the  staff is always helping patients get through the day. Transportation is also provided for those who are not able to get to and from the clinic. Free bus tickets are funded by the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic, and are given to patients all year round. The Onalaska Dialysis Clinic is my place of employment, and I am very touched each and every day whe n I enter my role as a Dialysis technician. The unquestionable compassion that the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic offers to all patients is remarkable. Along with showing compassion on a day to day basis, the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic offers specific holiday programs to help patients to feel more at ease and welcomed. The Onalaska Dialysis Clinic offers its patients a holiday card along with cookies and apple cider. A gentleman once told me that he looks forward to this all year, and it’s the only holiday celebrating that he gets to do. No matter what time of year, the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic is always lending a helping hand. Unfortunately, kidney failure will affect the lives of millions of patients each year. Thanks to the kindness and support of the PAO and the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic, patients have the ability to overcome any obstacle. The compassion is very touching, and gives me faith in humanity. Therefore, staff members of PAO and the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic have touched many lives of dialysis patients worldwide. Th e impact that the PAO and the Onalaska Dialysis Clinic have made will be acknowledged eternally.

How hot can you be?

Some of them use repetition to make you remember, emotions to touch your feelings, and well-known famous people to show you trust. Some of these advertisements are more powerful than others and this is the case of QuickTime ads. This advertisement is very effective, not only because it incorporates a well known famous person that â€Å"uses† the pill, it also shows a link to a reliable website that gives the prospective buyer health information and they use the repetition psychological fact to grab women attention. This weight loss product's advertisement was created to catch the attention of all women.The advertisement asks women how hot could they be and displays a picture of the sex icon Kim Sardinian. By doing this, the correlation between using the QuickTime product and looking like Kim Sardinian is created. What woman does not want to look beautiful? The advertisement indicates that using the product shown will allow the person being targeted to look better than ever. Th e ad commits a logical fallacy by making the false correlation between taking he product and solving all of the users physical aesthetic problems. What if someone has an enormous nose? Will â€Å"CT† help?The product fails to specifically target an overweight audience but instead targets all women, making the ad less effective. How can you trust a product that makes a promise it cannot keep? On top of the tactics mentioned before, the ad shows a link to WebMD (which is reliable website). Women who see this on the product's ad would probably see these pills as a safe option. However there is information proving the opposite, an example f this is in an article on the Time Magazine July editions which contains an article that explains to readers that weight loss products are heavy on claims, but there is a scarcity of scientific proof.According to them, nowadays there are no products that could be considered â€Å"safe, effective and rigorously tested. They also mention that th e U. S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) â€Å"(Park and Suffering 20) do not evaluate most weight loss supplements for safety. However with all this valuable information that loud be easily found on the web, many women might be tricked into thinking this product is safe due to the advertisement containing a reliable medical website.There is much psychological research that proves that repetition works very well in influencing people, and this ad is not the exception. If a woman sees the advertisement Just one time she might ignore it, but if the ad keeps reoccurring then it will most likely catch the audiences attention. As it says on the website changing's. Org â€Å"Repetition creates a pattern, which consequently and naturally Arabs our attention at first and then creates the comfort of familiarity. † (â€Å"Repetition Principle†).Familiarity subsequently hints liking more than dislike, companies know this and they apply it very well to their advertisements. Ther efore even women, who are not thinking on buying the product, probably would unconsciously do it. In conclusion this advertisement is very effective, not only because it incorporates a well known famous person that â€Å"uses† the pill, it also shows a link to a reliable website that gives the prospective buyer health information and they use psychological petition in various forms of media to grab women's attention.There are many companies like QuickTime that are taking advantage of people that have low self- esteem, by advertising a product that supposedly makes you lose weight and become more aesthetically appealing. This advertisement gives a false claim that it can simply solve a persons more complicated problems by taking a â€Å"miracle† pill. By incorporating a medical site to the ad also gives a sense of safety in this pill and makes the targeted audience have a sense of trust in this product.

Addiction to Junk Food Essay

Everyday, millions of people consume the so-called addictive â€Å"junk food. † Most of the people who do not have time, or find it affortable eat in fast food restourants such as McDonalds, Burger King, and many others. Junk food is addictive because of many reasons such as saving time. The junk food can be clasified in few categories – snacks, fast food, and soft drinks. First come the snacks, which are being brought everyday by millions of people who are not conserned about how unhealthy chips is and care only about how tasty it is. It is hardly possible to pass McDonalds nowadays without stopping there and having Hamburger Menu with a big Coke. The second category are the foods from the fats food restourants (example is McDonalds), such as, hamburgers. A person will buy a hamburger because it is very good in taste but he or she does not consider what really is inside this â€Å"meal† and how those ingridians might harm his or her health. Soft drinks are also a part of the junk food area. For example, Coke is being mentioned and associated with it are Fanta, Sprite and many other drinks without which people â€Å"cannot live. See more: Defining research problem and setting objectives Essay Soft drinks are incredibly bad for people’s health due to their high level of sugar and other components. In brief, all the mentioned examples of fast food and soft drinks should not be eaten by people; however, this works as a law, everything that people should not eat, they love and want and this is the addiction. In conclusion, it is normal to see a person nowadays walking around with a coke in one hand and a burger in the other. No matter how unhealthy this meal is, this person likes it so he or she assumes that there is no reason to throw this meal away, and this is the so called addiction with junk food.

Problems in School Essay

Education is the most important factor for the development of human civilization. It is one of the ways that can help us to achieve our goals in the future. However, there have been many problems raised throughout the year in regarding to what our school system should be practicing to improve education. These problems consists of self-discipline, longstanding bullying and the case about school uniforms should be lessen in order to have a positive dispositions on education. Discipline and balancing is important in a student’s life. Sometimes, the person who has the freedom to do anything she wants will have the tendency to lose self-discipline and balance between extracurricular activities and academics. There was a time in my life when I thought I would not be able to finish high school because I got distracted by the social life around me. We could only be young once, as the clichà © goes. Indeed, I truly lived my teenage life to the fullest, to the point of over-living it. In fact, I was still in my early teens when I started going steady with my social life than school. My mother had a hard time straightening my head. However, the consequences of my actions had sadly taught me a lesson. I failed some of my classes when I was in freshman. Also, I joined volleyball and cheerleading in my junior year which completely gave me a hard time catching up with our lessons. I was forced to attend the after-school tutoring. Stumbling upon of having no discipline and balance between school, sports and social life are regrettably sad. Yes, I have a lot of learning, and acknowledge that school must be prioritized. Second, bullying has a real negative effect on the victim’s life. Those who are constantly bullied can be pushed to the breaking point, where they could end up hurting themselves or others. I have a school mate back when I was senior, and he had trouble coping with things since his parents got divorced. Over the last few months, he has neglected his school works, and gotten a few face piercing that were prohibited in our school. A few of his classmates have become hostile towards him because of the sudden physical changes, and his lack of social etiquette. The controversy have suddenly escalated as they have pushed him onto the ground, kicked him in the stomach, and locked him in the bathroom. Also, a few of the school jocks were standing in the hallway joking around when they spot their smaller classmate struggling to carry his school books. One of the jocks sticks his foot out and deliberately tripped the boy. They all laughed and called the boy names such as, â€Å"clumsy† and â€Å"dork†. Bullies pick on students who they think are physically weak, and unpopular with their peers. So, whether bullying comes in many different forms: both from cyber bullying to physical bullying, it is consider wrong and it has to stop. Lastly, clothing has become a way of self-expression on how a person dresses, and it usually reflects on their personality. The most common issue is some students being harassed by other students for the way they dress, and how they appear. When I was sophomore, gang violence has become a big concern throughout my high school. Gangs choose colors to wear which lets people know to which gang they belong to. Students, who do not know of this issue, wear that certain color during dress down day, and some of them got hurt because they were not aware of the specific gang colors. Then, I noticed all students nowadays must go out and have the new fashion trends, and style. However, not all parents are able to go out of their way to buy their children clothes. So, uniforms save not only the students for getting harass base on what they wear, but also for the parents who are already busy working to give and support our necessities. Uniforms cause children to be more civilized and mature in what they are doing. It is great for schools to implement a policy on school uniforms because it provides more focus to learning, reduces peer pressure, and increases school pride. Attitude can alter every aspect of a person’s life, including his or her education. Student’s attitudes on learning determine their ability and willingness to learn. Furthermore, it is never too late to improve our educational system. Every school should be more advance and provide a good learning environment first because a highly effective school profoundly enhances student’s prosperity.

The Knowledge Management Challenge Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Knowledge Management Challenge - Assignment Example These three types of knowledge are what form the intellectual capital that is needed by PolySpec as it evolves. (1) Internal process knowledge related to PolySpec work processes This includes the trade secrets of the company such as patents and technical papers, the composition of the products especially the ratio of combinations, acquisitions, and their competitive advantages, blueprints and formulas. This is in addition to the internal operations and communications of the company that is not open to the public such as confidential conversations and documents. For example, Buddy holds four patents, has published several technical papers and he has hands-on management style (Fielder, et al n.d, P.2). PolySpec has made several acquisitions including Selby Battersby, Thiokol Formulated Products, and Flowcrete Plc (UK) with each merger bringing in new competitive advantage and products (Fielder, et al n.d, P.2). ... (2) External process knowledge related to client tasks and projects This includes the knowledge of upcoming disputes regarding clients’ quality of workmanship, technical assistance to contractors, claims of mislabeled products, and product failures related to job conditions. For example, PolySpec technical personnel provide most of the technical support through informal ways such as telephone conversations (Fielder, et al n.d, P.1). Also, the following litigations are as a result of product or project failure associated with PolySpec and its subcontractors: Instafreeze, Inc. vs. Environchem Technology and PolySpec Corp; W.J. Enterprises, Inc. vs. PolySpec Corp; Ladell Alexander, et al vs. American Cyanamid, et al; and B-Z-B, Inc, vs. Slip Free Systems, Inc, and PolySpec, L.P. (Fielder, et al n.d, P.7). The external knowledge process belongs to the knowledge acquisition stage of the knowledge management process. (3) Product knowledge This includes the knowledge of company produ ct categories, products professional opinions, product catalogs, product labels and product knowledge available on the company website.

Nutrition Discussions 6-9 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Nutrition Discussions 6-9 - Assignment Example ery important information on any form of diagnosed and any undiagnosed abnormality in the growth, overweight, obesity, development and the many risk factors prone to its citizens. Environmental factors are put into consideration as to determine what are the citizens are exposed to. These surveys are necessary as they are conducted to determine the missing link in the welfare of the citizens. This includes quality check of life from the young to the old. This must be encouraged year after year and all the necessary information dispensed to the nation at large including the social media facilities at our countries disposal, (Nieman, National dietary and Nutrition Surveys). Energy is measured in values termed as kilocalories (kcals).This energy is obtained from food that human beings consume. A lot of research has been done to determine the caloric value in the various type of food human take. To determine the food caloric value, one needs to classify the content of food in terms of carbohydrate, fat and protein values. It has been noted that carbohydrates give 4kcal per given gram (g), proteins giving the same value of 4 kcal and fats having recorded the highest at 9 kcal, (Stanfield, Meeting Energy Needs in Nutrition and Diet Therapy: Self-Instructional Modules). The quest to determine energy needs is done on three major classifications that is activity, thermic effect on food, and basal metabolic rate. The basal metabolism is the energy required to drive the vital life procedures in a human being and is positive or negatively affected by; physiological status, body temperature, body composition, age and sex. Physical activity burns out calories while mental work does much lesser. Production of heat after having meals brings thermic effect; this largely depends on the type of food taken, (Stanfield, Meeting Energy Needs in Nutrition and Diet Therapy: Self-Instructional Modules). This energy intake needs to be balanced. It’s very important to maintain the energy

Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Essay

Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans - Essay Example Notably, this reflects limited interference activity. To achieve a commendable effect, there should be a high dose of the injected RNA. In an endogenous activity, an antisense-sense mixture has the capacity to produce interference that is very effective. In the development of a dsRNA (double-stranded RNA), the evident feature is the potency of the antisense-sense mixture in the interfering activity. Placing the double-stranded structure in cis has no effect on the potent activity of the interference. That is, double-strand sequences that are positioned on level 3 or 5 of a single-strand segment are not able to trigger interference. Using unc-54, fem-1 and hlh-1 to assess the target uniqueness of the effects of dsRNA, the results include (1) progeny broods with a null-mutant phenotype are produced and (2) the single RNA threads with no important interference. At cellular levels, the effects of interference of dsRNA can also be examined. Fractions of the Derived fluorescent protein (GFP) decrease when they are injected with dsRNA and the same is explained by in the figure above and

Personal reflection paper on servant leadership Research

Personal reflection on servant leadership - Research Paper Example On the contrary servant leadership style is the answer to all our leadership dilemmas, it teaches us to give priorities to our followers and not have the arrogance and pride of modern day leaders. It is about understanding human beings and keeping relation prior to money, power or fame. It connects our worldly desires with the eternal life and through the best example of Jesus Christ; it teaches us compassion, sacrifice and devotion to a noble cause. The balancing act between religious teachings and conducting our business is best described by this approach ensuring us success in both worlds, helping others that gives us incomparable peace and harmony eventually a feeling of self actualization. A literary analysis of servant leadership taught me a lot about this leadership style, it was an enriching experience learning about something that has real meaning of life. The Servant leadership phenomena basically reflected the idea of alleviating other’s lives and helping them in their development and achieve progress in their lives. While reading Spiritual Leadership by Darrell SC Peregrym I understood that basis of every religion mainly Christianity is humble nature of the leaders and prophets, intended to bring peace and salvation to those who are in suffering. Another lesson learnt through this concept was demarcation between state and church which acts as the basis of political system in western world now. Earlier teachings of Christianity equated money and worldly pleasures with evil however segregation between Church and governing bodies of civil society helped in establishing role of Church and its representatives as a servant leader (Peregrym, 2011e). Hence, it i s Church’s responsibility to provide guidance to people without seeking anything in return. Furthermore, servant leadership cannot rest only with today’s managers and senior

Classical political economists Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Classical political economists - Assignment Example Karl Marx (1818-1883) is considered one of the most influential thinkers of his time, and a lot of modern day economics are based on his theories. One of his notable contributions is the modern political economic theory. Karl Marx spent a lot of time studying the capitalist system, after which he viewed it as one that deprives the working class off their rights and advocated for a commun ­Ã‚ ­ist system (Hunt 17). One of the most notable characteristics of Marx’s theories is the influence Smith and Ricardo had especially when it came to theories about value and profits. According to Marx, most thinkers lacked historical perspective. He held the idea that production was a social activity taking various forms and modes based on the formation of social organization as well as their corresponding production techniques (Hunt 36). All epochs of production had similar characteristics, and their failure to differentiate what they had in common and what they did not have led to confusions and distortions among the thinkers. Most important among them was the claim that capital among all production systems it was a universal element and that all economic activity could be reduced to a series of exchanges. This was because capital had one feature that was universal in all production and one feature particularly specific to capitalism â€Å"production†. Marx admitted that the claim (capital was a universal production element) was not possible without an instrument of production nor their production without stored up past labour. Capital is among other things, also an instrument of production, also objectified past labour. Therefore capital is a general, eternal relation of nature; that is, if I leave out just the specific quality, which alone makes â€Å"instruments of production† and â€Å"stored up labour† into capital†(Hunt 73). Karl used this dialectal materialism theory to describe capitalism in that, within the dominance of the social class their

Economic Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economic Globalisation - Essay Example Opponents, however, are more likely to view globalisation as a nefarious plot for the global promotion of the capitalist interests of multinational/transnational corporations culminating, not only in the increased poverty of LDCs but, in the subjugation of nation-states to multinational corporations. While conceding that both perspectives are exaggerated, the following paper shall, through a review of the definition of economic globalisation and the role of global trade and multinational corporations therein, establish economic globalisation as primarily favouring the capitalist interests of transnational corporations. Globalization, by the very nature of its definition as the globalisation of capital, favours capitalist interests, is founded upon the promotion of free trade and actively promotes the interests of multinational corporations. ... Of all the various definition forwarded for globalisation the most accurate, and comprehensive, is probably that forwarded by Held and McGrew (2002, 249-250) and which maintains globalisation to be an economic phenomenon whose intent is the globalisation of capital and the imposition of a capitalist economic agenda upon the International Political Economy (IPE). Globalisation, according to the latter definition, is the removal of capital controls to facilitate the unobstructed movement of funds and resources across national borders (Soros, 1998). Such globalization of capital is further significant because it implies reduced control over trade, foreign investment and multinational corporate activities. As stated by the pro-globalization economists, the removal of capital controls implies, "not only an increase in productive capacity but also improvements in methods of production and other innovations; not only an increase in wealth but an increase in freedom" (Soros, 1998). As may be inferred from the presented definitions, economic globalisation is the removal of artificial barriers to trade, involving the imposition of capitalism upon the global political economy and, as such, ultimately serves the interests of multinational corporations through the facilitation of their capacity it engage in trade, as in the unfettered movement of capital goods across national boundaries. Consequent to economic globalisation, and bearing in mind the stated definition, "The modern system of independent nation states and distinct national economies is being replaced by a single transnational political economy. Power and authority are steadily shifting to global institutions and corporations. National

Argument of After Shock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Argument of After Shock - Essay Example The book Aftershock is a manual that illustrates the declining state of US economy, its consequences and after effects although the authors justly verify the purpose pf the book as stated in the text, â€Å"It ’s only bad news for your personal economy if you don ’ t do anything about it† Hence this book suggests methods and remedies through which personal economic damage can be minimized even when the economy on the whole is falling apart. As the authors say in the book, â€Å"All we can offer is realism, based on facts and logical analysis† (10) and the rest depends on the reader and his interest in benefiting from the writers’ perspective Every fact that is stated in the book is based on, â€Å"a reliable theory of economic evolution, backed up by cold, hard facts, and not random guesses† (11). So such an analysis helps in providing the readers an in depth and logical account of the current situation. The writers use the concept of a †˜Bubble’ as a metaphor to illustrate the unpredictability and the temporariness of the economic conditions of the United States. As stated in the text, â€Å"†¦economic bubbles, by nature, do not stay afloat forever. Sooner or later, economic reality, like gravity, eventually kicks in, and bubbles do fall. After they burst, they never are able to re - inflate and lift off again†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (4). In their point of view the US economy comprises of six bubbles, â€Å"These bubbles included: the real estate bubble, stock market bubble, discretionary spending bubble, dollar bubble, and government debt bubble† (5).... The fundamental advantage of this bubble economic system was that, â€Å"†¦these six linked economic bubbles helped co – create America ’ s booming bubble economy†¦ these bubbles helped us ignore slowing productivity growth, boost our prosperity, disregard some fundamental problems, and keep the party going† (31). However once the decline started there was no possible solution to stop the decline and this decline is explained in the following words in the text, â€Å"First, we had the fall of the U.S. housing bubble and its downward impact on the stock market bubble, the private debt bubble, and the discretionary spending bubble†¦ Next, in the Aftershock, the dollar bubble and the U.S. government debt bubbles will begin their unavoidable descents†¦ And as the final bubbles in America’s bubble economy begin to burst, so will the world’s bubble economy† (33). The real estate or the housing bubble was the first pillar of the economic system that collapsed because the price and expenditures of making a new house increased greatly and outpaced the increase in an individual’s salary and eventually its decline started in 2006 and hence resulted in the rest of the downfall of the economic system. The private debt bubble involves the bank loans and the mortgage payments. When the stock market and the housing economic system crumpled the private debt sector also suffered a severe shock that ultimately led to its decline. The discretionary spending bubble is concerned with the total sum of money spent by the consumer. However due to recession when people started losing their jobs and the rate of unemployment increased consequently people started cutting their